stomach cancer | Stomach Cancer-symptoms, causes and treatment

Stomach Cancer-symptoms, causes and treatment

Stomach Cancer-symptoms, causes and traitementFRCáncer of Estómago-SíntomasESTumore allo
Even if the incidence of liver cancer has been divided by two in 30 years thanks to better management diagnostic and therapeutic but also of the food hygiene this cancer remains ill-predicted stomach cancer is most often characterized By a adenocarcinoma developed from the glandular cells of the wall of this organ. Manifested by common symptoms such as nausea or gastric pain, it is usually diagnosed late, by endoscopic examination, gastroscopy. Surgery, gastrectomy, is needed to treat stomach cancer. The surgeon then practises a total or partial ablation of this organ, to remove the tumor while restoring the continuity of the digestive tract (the anastomosis). The surgery is usually followed by chemotherapy sessions, more rarely radiation therapy.


Definition
Symptoms
Diagnosis
Treatment
Prevention
Also read: Stomach Cancer

Several risk factors are now well identified such as chronic gastritis due to infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, smoking, excessive salt consumption, poor diets of fresh produce, history Familial stomach cancer, and genetic predispositions (Biermer's disease, Ménétrier's disease....)

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In France, there are more than 6,500 new cases of stomach cancer each year, of which almost 66% in men. It is in nine out of ten cases of an adenocarcinoma, that is, a cancer that develops from the glandular cells of the stomach wall. Some factors are associated with a greater risk of developing stomach cancer, including chronic gastritis due to the presence of a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori, some dietary factors, the presence of polyps that can constitute precancerous lesions, or certain diseases such as Biermer's disease which is responsible for the gradual destruction of gastric wall cells. Stomach cancer is often unfavorable prognosis.



Symptoms
Pain, nausea, vomiting can be as many warning signs. But generally speaking, the symptoms of a stomach cancer are not specific to this disease. Chronic fatigue, loss of appetite and weight are frequent in advanced stages. More rarely, a digestive hemorrhage can report stomach cancer. The symptoms are still relatively late, which is often a late diagnosis.
The main clinical manifestations of stomach cancer are épigastralgies (gastric pain), nausea and/or vomiting, difficulties in swallowinging food, loss of appetite, slimming, gastrointestinal bleeding and chronic anemia.

Diagnosis
The diagnosis of stomach cancer is done through endoscopic examination, a gastroscopy. This allows to see the extent of malignant tumor but also to practice a biopsy that determines what type of cancer is reached the patient. A checkup and an ultrasound (or scanner) of the abdomen complete the diagnosis by specifying the extension of the tumor, i.e. if there is a lymphadenopathy, lymph node that has increased in volume by its invasion by cancer cells, and metastases with remote organs. This extension balance can be supplemented by other tests based on signs that suspect another location.

Treatment
The management of the stomach cancer will depend on its typology, its stage of advancement, the general condition of the patient or even the tumor localization. In all cases, the use of the surgical procedure is privileged as soon as possible. This "reference" treatment is to make a partial or total gastrectomy in order to remove the tumor. The area of cancer is removed, and the restoration of the continuity of the digestive tract is done by a technique called anastomosis.

Chemotherapy can also be offered, radiotherapy is more rare. Increased monitoring is required after treatment.
Prevention
It is known that several risk factors are related to stomach cancer, especially a diet that is too rich in salt, fish and smoked meat. Reducing the consumption of these products, and promoting that of fruits and vegetables at the time of meals are part of the prevention of stomach cancer.
In return, it is advisable to increase the daily share of fruits and vegetables and to stop the tobacco.